July 1, 2024
Introduction
Quantum communication uses principles of quantum mechanics, primarily entanglement and quantum states, to securely transmit information. It promises unbreakable encryption through quantum key distribution (QKD), where any attempt to eavesdrop can be detected due to the fundamental properties of quantum mechanics. This technology has the potential to revolutionize secure communication, offering advancements in cryptography, secure networks, and information sharing.
Quantum communication, usually based on satellite communication or fiber networks, faces several technical and infrastructure challenges. Nanofabrication is essential for quantum communication in optical networks. It enables the development of quantum components such as quantum dots, single-photon sources, photonic circuits, and single photon detectors and integration onto the same chip.
Quantum communication, usually based on satellite communication or fiber networks, faces several technical and infrastructure challenges. Nanofabrication is essential for quantum communication in optical networks. It enables the development of quantum components such as quantum dots, single-photon sources, photonic circuits, and single photon detectors and integration onto the same chip.
Application
Single photon emitter
A single photon emitter can emit individual photons, one at a time. Developing these emitters is crucial for quantum communication in optical networks and photonic quantum computing. One common type is a quantum dot, a nanoscale semiconductor structure. Another one is color centers in diamonds, such as nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. When excited with energy, typically via laser light or electrical current, a quantum dot or a color center can generate a single photon with precise characteristics, such as wavelength and polarization, which is essential for quantum cryptography. Single photon emitters also promise to advance imaging, sensing, and metrology technologies at the quantum level. Nanofabrication enables the exploration and engineering of novel materials and structures to improve the efficiency, stability, and controllability of single photon emitters for future quantum technologies.
Metalens structure using efficient formula based patterningMetalens structure using efficient formula based patterningMetalens structure using efficien
150 nm gate in PMMA (bi-layer)
Freestanding multi-terminal graphene device M. Kühne, MPI Stuttgart, Germany
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Application
Single ion implantation
Single ion implantation is crucial for quantum technology because it enables the precise positioning of individual dopant atoms or color centers within a material, such as silicon or diamond. In quantum communication, such as quantum cryptography, single ion implantation allows for the creation of quantum repeaters and nodes with controlled qubit positions. Single ion implantation is also valuable for creating precise quantum sensors and metrology devices. Dopant atoms or color centers implanted in a material can act as sensitive probes for measuring magnetic fields, electric fields, temperature, and other physical quantities at the quantum level. In quantum computing, single ion implantation is one option for creating qubits. Raith’s LMAIS source technology allows implantation of different species including Si, Ge, Li, Bi, and the FIB standard Ga.
Metalens structure using efficient formula based patterningMetalens structure using efficient formula based patterningMetalens structure using efficien
150 nm gate in PMMA (bi-layer)
Freestanding multi-terminal graphene device M. Kühne, MPI Stuttgart, Germany
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Application
Single photon detector
Single photon detectors are crucial in quantum optics, especially in quantum cryptography. A common type of single-photon detector is a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD), which takes advantage of the superconducting state to detect individual photons efficiently. To reliably detect faint signals, single-photon detectors must be highly sensitive with low noise. Researchers are continuously working to enhance the sensitivity and reduce the size of single-photon detectors to make them more effective and applicable.
Metalens structure using efficient formula based patterningMetalens structure using efficient formula based patterningMetalens structure using efficien
150 nm gate in PMMA (bi-layer)
Freestanding multi-terminal graphene device M. Kühne, MPI Stuttgart, Germany
Are you interested in more details and insights?
Discoveries and innovations
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